DOWNWARD OPENING WEIR GATE

The function of a Plasti-Fab down-opening weir gate is to control the upstream water level, and/or pace the amount of discharge from a water system.  At times there will be a level control sensor in the system which is directly connected to, and controlling an oscillating operator, in order to automatically pace the amount of flow discharged, or to maintain a constant upstream water depth.  

Depending on the size of the weir opening and the heads involved, the downward opening weir gate can be constructed as a sandwich style gate, a one-inch solid FRP gate, or as a Heavy Duty Titeseal gate.  It is best to use those for seating head applications to obtain the best leakage performance.  However, they can be designed to perform well for unseating heads as well.

Guides The major difference between the down-opening weir gate and a slide gate is seen in the construction of the guide.  The gate must pass down across a sealed channel invert.   This means that the down-opening weir gate will almost always be surface-mounted.  In addition, the guide will have a spigot back that matches the dimensions of the weir or channel opening, and there will be no bottom guide channel.  The seals will be mounted on the guide rather than the gate.  Guides can be fabricated using FRP or stainless steel, depending on the style of gate and the application requirements.

Lifts & Stem The vast majority of down-opening weir gates will use either a manual or electric actuator.  Frequently the electric operators will include a modulating feature that may be controlled by a 4-20 mA signal.  The lifts may be mounted on the headrail of a self-contained gate or on a pedestal.  Stems will normally be of T-304 or T-316 stainless steel.

Wider weir openings may use a tandem lift and dual stem to help maintain a level weir crest and to keep the gate square in the guide.  The general rule of thumb says that, if the gate width is twice the gate height, two stems should be considered.    

Seals A neoprene J-seal mounted directly to the spigot back on the guide runs down each side of the opening and across the bottom invert.  The weir gate will pass up or down over this seal and must remain in contact wit the seal if it is to operate correctly.  Weir gates are most effective when the water pressure is pushing the gate against the seal (seating head). 

Installation A downward opening weir gate requires that the water spill over the top of the gate rather than pass under or around.  Deflection is an important consideration when designing and installing these gates.  Weir gates are surface mounted using stainless steel anchor bolts, and must have enough room below the channel invert to allow the gate to be fully lowered.  The gate is considered full-open when it reaches its lowest point of travel.

WHY BUY PLASTI-FAB? 

1.    Plasti-Fab weir gates offer high corrosion resistance to a very wide range of acids, caustics, salt water and other aggressive chemicals.

2.    Plasti-Fab offers a broad range of down-opening weir gates including sandwich style, one-inch solid FRP gates, Heavyduty Titeseal gates, stainless steel and aluminum if required.

3.    Plasti-Fab has over 25 years of experience in fiberglass gate design and has fabricated virtually every type of weir gate available.

4.    Plasti-Fab has worked with every major lift manufacturer and can supply any style or type of lift required.  You can request handwheel, geared mechanical lifts, portable operators, or modulating electric actuators.

5.    Fiberglass weir gates are lightweight and easy to install.

HEAVY DUTY TITESEAL SLUICE GATE

The Heavy duty Titeseal Copolymer Sluice Gate is a non-metallic, corrosion resistant sluice gate that provides the engineer with a superior alternative to other plastic gates and competes well with stainless steel and cast iron gates. It is designed to handle high head applications of 25 feet or more in seating and unseating service. The guide includes a top closure bar that allows the gate to seal around all four sides. This gate is also often used for open channel weir applications. This gate is like the Wedging Titeseal gate, a high performance, low leakage slide gate.

The gates are individually fabricated and can be designed to cover most opening. Sizing can range from about one foot square to over ten feet in width and height.

Copolymer gates can range in thickness from 2-l/2 inches to over 12 inches depending on the head and deflection requirement.

The gate is fabricated using a reinforced copolymer composite material (FRP), which totally encapsulates an internal structural steel matrix, and has no seams, joints or cut edges. The core of the gate is completely sealed against any corrosive attack by water or chemicals that might be present in the stream.

Heavy Duty Titeseal sluice gates do not use wall thimbles. Instead, the guide is anchored to a flat surface and approximately one inch of grout is used to permanently seal between the guide and the wall. The guide is normally fabricated using T-304 or T-316 stainless steel, but FRP guides and other more exotic metals are available. Plasti-Fab has fabrication experience with Monel, Hasalloy and Aquamet to name a few.

Guides The gates require specially formed guides, but these will still be classified as embedded, surface mounted, or in-channel according to how they are mounted. Surface mounted guides bolt to the face of the wall around an opening using special slotted clips that slide onto the anchor bolts. In-channel guides bolt to the inside face of an existing channel.                                             

SEALS Heavy Duty Titeseal Sluice Gates have a virgin neoprene J-seal and wedged bottom seal mechanically fastened to the gate. Neoprene forms a true seal that has high resilience and durability, and will not bridge or gap over small debris. It has been used successfully by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers in hydro-electric dams for the past seventy years as the proven seal of choice. Plasti-Fab will not use sponge rubber, which has low compression set characteristics and low tear strength.

Mounted on the opposite side of the gate is a UHMW low-friction sliding surface which helps to reduce the lifting force required to move the gate. As the gate starts to open, the seal is released from contact with the wedge. This allows the gate to move freely in the guide with lower operating forces. The adjustable wedging bar in the guide allows the gate to be fine-tuned to achieve the lowest possible leakage rates. The end result is leakage rates that are much less than the AWWA standard for sluice gates (AWWA C-501 establishes leakage of no more than 0.1 GPM/foot of wetted perimeter for a seating head, and 0.2 GPM/foot of wetted perimeter for unseating heads of 20 feet or less.)

Example A four-foot by four-foot gate with 20 feet of seating head will require nearly 18,000 pounds of thrust to begin upward movement. (16 ft.² gate surfaced X 18 ft. Head to the gate center line X 62.4 lbs/ft.³ H₂O = 17,971 lbs. breakaway force.)

The entire load plus the weight of the gate and stem must be moved by the stem and lift nut, and supported by the head frame and lift. For periods of up to 20 years (sic). In addition, AWWA C-501 sluice gate standards require that this initial gate movement should take place with no more than 25 to 40 pound pull on the handwheel or crank. All this means that proper sizing of the lift, stem, and other gate components is critical.

All lifts used by Plasti-Fab will have ball bearings, and many will be geared. Geared lifts can also be operated by an electric or gas powered portable operator to reduce cycling time. Plasti-Fab also uses electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic actuators. We have worked with most of the major gate and operator manufacturers in the U. S. for over twenty years.

LOCATION May include any size open channels and any wall opening that will have a seating or un-seating head greater than the opening itself.

WHY BUY PLASTI-FAB?

1.     The Heavy Duty Titeseal Sluice Gate exceeds any other metallic gates. We can give the owner, engineer, and contractor an alternate to this high-priced proprietary spec., that exceed the functional aspects of the specification in all areas.

2.     The seals are mounted to the gate which is a unique feature to most other gates on the market today. This allows the adjustment and replacement of the seals without dewatering of the channel.

3.     PlastiFab can fabricate using a large variety of high corrosion performance metals and resins.

4.     Gate will perform when needed for emergency shut off, spill containment or any other critical shut-off situation.

5.     Wide range of experience with customer requirements that will help get the job done right the first time.

PARSHALL FLUME GENERAL COMMENTS

The Parshall Flume was originally designed for use in streams and open channels. It is still frequently installed in open channels. However, it is also suitable for in-line applications when proper end adapters are used to transition flow into and out of the flume. The flume uses a simple power equation, and can be used with any of the meters available today.

ADVANTAGES

1.     The Parshall flume has one of the widest flow range capabilities and is available in standard flume sizes that will handle small flows down to a few gallons per minute or very large streams as high as 335 MGD.

2.     The flume design accelerates flow as it passes through the throat thus making it “self-cleaning”.

3.     Within its flow range, the Parshall flume provides greater incremental flow resolution than other types of flumes.

4.     Plasti-Fab has developed special adapters designed to reduce entrance velocity and turbulence in many common flow measurement applications.

DISADVANTAGES

1.     The Parshall flume is a larger style of flume which at times may limit the number of sites where it can be used.

2.     The Parshall flume has good flow resolution, but is often not the best choice for low flows.

3.     The Parshall flume may be more expensive depending on site and installation requirements.

Application Notes: Also see “General Flume Design Data”

1.     The 1” and 2” Parshall flumes are not recommended for sanitary waste or other high solids streams because of potential clogging.

2.     Higher heads generated by a Parshall flume may cause upstream hydraulic problems in some cases.

To calculate submerged flow in a Parshall flume measurements at Ha and Hb are used to find the submergence percentage, Hb / Ha = % submerged flow. For flumes with throat sizes 1” through 6” submergence takes place approximately at ± 55%. For flumes 9” though 30” submergence occurs at ± 65%. For larger flumes, submergence ranges from 70% - 80%. If submerged flow readings are unavoidable, a stilling well must be installed at the Hb point to get proper secondary readings.

Important things to know regarding FRP shelters

Before discussing about the topic, let’s know what are basically FRP shelters? FRP stands for Fibre-reinforced plastics. Literally speaking, these are composite materials made up of polymers reinforced with fibres. Fibres can be glass, basalt or even paper or wood. These are highly enduring substances and are resistant to extreme temperature, pressure and even toxic chemicals. These types of materials are used in ballistics, aerospace, marine, construction and sewage treatment plants. 

Coming to FRP shelters, these are corrosion resistant materials typically used for housing construction. These materials also have wide applicability in instrumentation sector, chemical feedings and other equipment purposes. 

These shelters have standard configuration and are custom built in order to meet every specific requirements. Apart from meeting specifications and requirements, these also save money. Some of the important miscellaneous features of FRP shelters are listed below:

●     Corrosion resistant

●     Temperature resistant

●     Storm resistant

●     Non conductive

●     One piece construction, hence there’s no problem of assembling it.

●     It is flat and smooth, which makes the mounting of any equipment easier

These are some of the important things to know regarding FRP shelters. In order to get the best benefits from it, you need to find the best supplier. Only the best supplier can assure you of all the benefits mentioned above.